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Causes of Earthquakes

Earth & Home

★Exhibit Content: Causes of tectonic earthquakes and principles of plate movement ★Interaction: Electromechanical interaction + model demonstration ★Operation: 1. Visitors approach the exhibit and read the operation instructions; 2. Start the device and observe the plate movement demonstrations of the three crustal models; 3. Combine with the graphic descriptions to understand the earthquake causes corresponding to different plate collision types. ★Exhibit Description: The exhibit uses crustal models to demonstrate the types and processes of crustal movement, displaying the three plate collision types of tectonic earthquakes. Through mechanical transmission, the exhibit simulates three typical collision types between plates—divergent, convergent, and transform—intuitively showing the gestation and occurrence of tectonic earthquakes. By observing the model movements and reading the graphic descriptions, visitors gain an in-depth understanding of the causes, types, and dual impacts of earthquakes on Earth's evolution. ★Scientific Principle: Based on their causes, natural earthquakes can be divided into tectonic earthquakes, volcanic earthquakes, and induced earthquakes, with tectonic earthquakes accounting for about 90% of global natural earthquakes. Tectonic earthquakes are caused by the fracture and displacement of underground rock layers due to tectonic forces, and almost all major earthquakes that harm humanity are tectonic earthquakes. According to plate tectonics theory, Earth's lithosphere is divided into several huge plates that float on the plastic asthenosphere in isostatic equilibrium and undergo large-scale horizontal movements on Earth's surface; plates either separate, converge, or slide past each other, causing earthquakes, volcanoes, and tectonic activity. Earthquakes are one of the most severe natural disasters, but they are not entirely without benefits. For example, the formation of many unique mountains and waters in the world benefits from earthquakes. During earthquakes, the relative movement of the crust can push minerals buried deep within the Earth to the surface, facilitating mineral exploration for humanity. In addition, scientists have invented seismic exploration as a geophysical exploration method, which infers the morphology and properties of underground rock layers by observing and collecting the response information of deep, medium, and shallow strata to artificial seismic waves based on differences in elasticity and density of underground media.

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Principle Display: ★★★★ Interaction Effect: ★★★ Ease of Installation: ★★★★★ Durability: ★★★★ Overall Rating: ★★★★

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