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Galton Board

Mathematics

★Exhibit Content: Probability theory, normal distribution (Gaussian distribution) mathematical statistics science popularization interactive experience ★Interaction: Manual turntable mechanical interactive observation demonstration ★Operation: 1. Turn the circular turntable in the direction indicated by the arrow to gather all balls into the top collection area; 2. After the turntable rotates to the designated position, the balls are automatically released and fall freely along the peg array; 3. Repeat the release of balls multiple times and observe the distribution pattern formed by the accumulation of balls in the bottom collection compartments. ★Exhibit Description: The "Galton board" is a vertical circular floor-standing exhibit for science popularization of mathematical statistics and probability, belonging to the mathematics science popularization exhibition area, and is a recommended exhibit of the PopsciCat exhibit mall. The exhibit adopts a floor-standing sheet metal base with a circular metal outer frame, and the front is equipped with a high-transparency acrylic sealed observation chamber. Inside the chamber, there are multiple layers of equidistant metal peg arrays, multi-compartment collection slots at the bottom, and a ball collection turntable at the top. Visitors manually rotate the turntable to gather the balls. After release at a fixed point, the balls fall and hit the peg array. Each time a ball passes a peg, there is a 50% probability of falling to the left or right. After multiple trials, the balls will form a bell-shaped normal distribution curve in the bottom compartments, with more accumulation in the middle and less on both sides, symmetric left and right, intuitively visualizing the abstract principles of probability and statistics. ★Scientific Principle: This exhibit demonstrates the normal distribution (Gaussian distribution) and random probability laws: each time a ball hits a peg during its fall, the probability of deviating left or right is 1/2, which is an independent random event; after a large number of balls repeat random paths, the number of balls with balanced left-right deviations in the middle of the path is the largest, while the number with extreme one-sided deviations is very small, ultimately forming a symmetric bell-shaped normal distribution pattern. This model intuitively explains the law of large numbers—a single fall has no fixed pattern, but when the total sample size is sufficiently large, random events will exhibit a stable and predictable statistical distribution pattern, widely used in statistics, natural sciences, and economic data analysis.

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Review

Principle Display: ★★★ Interaction Effect: ★★★★ Ease of Installation: ★★★★ Durability: ★★★★ Overall Rating: ★★★★

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