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Fresnel Lens

Mobile Science Museum · Optics

Operation: Look at objects through the Fresnel lens and see what changes. Function Overview: The exhibit consists of a Fresnel lens and a fixed bracket. Looking at objects through the Fresnel lens, you will see an optical effect similar to that of a convex lens. Scientific Principle: The Fresnel lens, also known as a threaded lens, is mostly a thin sheet injection-molded from polyolefin material, though some are made of glass. One surface of the lens is smooth, while the other is engraved with concentric circles from small to large. Its texture is designed according to the requirements of light interference and diffraction as well as relative sensitivity and receiving angle. The requirements for the lens are very high. A high-quality lens must have a smooth surface and clear texture. Its thickness varies with use, mostly around 1mm. Its characteristics are large area, thin thickness, and long detection distance. The Fresnel lens is often equivalent to a convex lens for infrared and visible light, with good effect, but its cost is much lower than that of an ordinary convex lens. It is mostly used in occasions where precision requirements are not very high, such as slide projectors, film magnifiers, infrared detectors, etc. Using an ordinary convex lens will cause darkening and blurring at the edges and corners. This is because light refraction only occurs at the interface of the medium. The convex lens is relatively thick, and the portion where light travels in a straight line through the glass will attenuate the light. If the straight-line propagation part can be removed and only the refracting curved surface is retained, a large amount of material can be saved while achieving the same light-concentrating effect. The Fresnel lens adopts this principle. The Fresnel lens looks like a piece of glass with countless concentric circular patterns (i.e., Fresnel zones), yet it can achieve the effect of a convex lens. If the projected light source is parallel light, after converging projection, it can maintain uniform brightness across the image.

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