Molecular Motion
★Exhibit Content: Molecular motion laws of the three states of matter and principles of state changes ★Interaction: Electromechanical interaction ★Operation: Press the button to start the fan, push the slider to adjust the wind speed level, and observe the differences in the motion states of the balls under the three modes: solid, liquid, and gas. ★Exhibit Description: The exhibit consists of a curved display stand, a vertical transparent cylinder, lightweight balls simulating molecules, a fan power system, and a sliding adjustment mechanism. It is a recommended exhibit from the PopsciCat Exhibit Store. A large number of white lightweight balls are placed inside the transparent cylinder to simulate microscopic molecules. A fan is integrated at the bottom to provide power, and a slider on the tabletop can continuously adjust the wind speed level. After the visitor starts the device, at low speed, the balls only vibrate slightly at the bottom, simulating the equilibrium position vibration of solid molecules; at medium speed, the balls' range of activity expands, colliding and moving with each other, simulating the free movement of liquid molecules; at high speed, the balls rise and diffuse violently, filling the entire cylinder, simulating the irregular high-speed motion of gas molecules. Through the macroscopic visible ball dynamics, the microscopic molecular state change laws are intuitively presented. ★Scientific Principle: Matter is composed of molecules. Under different states, there are essential differences in the intensity of molecular motion and the intermolecular forces. Solid molecules have strong intermolecular forces and can only vibrate near their equilibrium positions, so solids have fixed shape and volume; liquid molecules have weaker intermolecular forces and can move freely within a certain range, so liquids have fixed volume but no fixed shape; gas molecules have extremely weak intermolecular forces and always move at high speeds irregularly, so gases have neither fixed shape nor fixed volume. The higher the temperature, the more intense the molecular motion. The essence of state change is the result of molecular motion intensity changing with temperature. The exhibit uses wind speed to simulate temperature changes, vividly reproducing this microscopic physical process.
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- 1.5×0.8×1.9 1.5×0.8×1.9Dimensions (unit: m): 1.5×0.8×1.9 Brand: KexMall Model: PopsciCat-Progress-016 1. Materials: ① Display stand: frame 2mm cold-rolled sheet, enclosure 2.0mm cold-rolled sheet, surface baked paint ② Cylinder: high-transparency acrylic material ③ Instruction sign: 5mm thick acrylic UV inkjet printing ④ Simulated balls: lightweight wear-resistant engineering plastic balls ⑤ Electrical control box: cold-rolled sheet baked paint box, containing control circuit, switching power supply, wiring terminals, etc. 2. Main configuration: ① Electrical control: electrical logic control system, equipped with Guanjian® K1 PLC controller with protection dedicated for science exhibits ② Centrifugal fan module ③ Wind speed sliding adjustment mechanism ④ Start button assembly 3. Installation requirements: ① Power requirement: AC100-240V, 50/60Hz 150W (standard three-wire socket) ② Installation base: place directly ③ Entry passage: door frame size (width×height) ≥0.8m×2.0m, continuous turning interval ≥1.5m ④ Maintenance passage: not required
★Exhibit Content: Molecular motion laws of the three states of matter and principles of state changes ★Interaction: Electromechanical interaction ★Operation: Press the button to start the fan, push the slider to adjust the wind speed level, and observe the differences in the motion states of the balls under the three modes: solid, liquid, and gas. ★Exhibit Description: The exhibit consists of a curved display stand, a vertical transparent cylinder, lightweight balls simulating molecules, a fan power system, and a sliding adjustment mechanism. It is a recommended exhibit from the PopsciCat Exhibit Store. A large number of white lightweight balls are placed inside the transparent cylinder to simulate microscopic molecules. A fan is integrated at the bottom to provide power, and a slider on the tabletop can continuously adjust the wind speed level. After the visitor starts the device, at low speed, the balls only vibrate slightly at the bottom, simulating the equilibrium position vibration of solid molecules; at medium speed, the balls' range of activity expands, colliding and moving with each other, simulating the free movement of liquid molecules; at high speed, the balls rise and diffuse violently, filling the entire cylinder, simulating the irregular high-speed motion of gas molecules. Through the macroscopic visible ball dynamics, the microscopic molecular state change laws are intuitively presented. ★Scientific Principle: Matter is composed of molecules. Under different states, there are essential differences in the intensity of molecular motion and the intermolecular forces. Solid molecules have strong intermolecular forces and can only vibrate near their equilibrium positions, so solids have fixed shape and volume; liquid molecules have weaker intermolecular forces and can move freely within a certain range, so liquids have fixed volume but no fixed shape; gas molecules have extremely weak intermolecular forces and always move at high speeds irregularly, so gases have neither fixed shape nor fixed volume. The higher the temperature, the more intense the molecular motion. The essence of state change is the result of molecular motion intensity changing with temperature. The exhibit uses wind speed to simulate temperature changes, vividly reproducing this microscopic physical process.
Review
Principle Display: ★★★ Interaction Effect: ★★★★ Ease of Installation: ★★★★★ Durability: ★★★★ Overall Rating: ★★★